California has always had a tolerance of alternative means of transportation. Riding bicycles, skateboards, and scooters are among those. However, these types of transportation include personal responsibility, and the necessity to comply with the local laws. Commuters, weekenders, or individuals just out on a day trip should be mindful of the road laws since it is important to protect all travelers. This guide highlights of the most relevant California laws regulating bicyclists, skateboarders, and scooter operators, referencing the California Vehicle Code (CVC) for your convenience.
Bicycle Laws
Bicycles are considered vehicles under California law. This means that bicyclists have the same rights and responsibilities as motorists. Here are the most important laws to understand:
Riding on the Road
Bicyclists must ride in the same direction as traffic (CVC 21650.1).
On roads with bike lanes, bicyclists must use the bike lane unless they are passing, making a left turn, avoiding hazards, or approaching a place where they are permitted to make a right turn (CVC 21208).
If traveling slower than the flow of traffic, bicyclists are expected to ride as close to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway as possible. The only exception is when preparing to turn left, pass, or avoid potential hazards (CVC 21202).
Traffic Signals and Stop Signs
Bicyclists are expected to abide by all traffic signals, stop signs, and other traffic control devices (CVC 21461).
California allows bicyclists to treat stop signs as yield signs under the “Safety Stop” law (AB 122, effective January 1, 2023). This means bicyclists can proceed through a stop sign after yielding to other traffic or pedestrians, but only if it is safe to do so.
Equipment Requirements
Bicycles must have a white front light and a red rear reflector or light when riding at night (CVC 21201).
Brakes must be capable of stopping the bicycle within 25 feet from a speed of 10 mph (CVC 21201).
Helmets and headgear are a must for riders under 18 years old (CVC 21212).
Riding on Sidewalks
Local jurisdictions decide if bicyclists can ride on sidewalks. In most cases, it is adults cannot travel on sidewalks, but children may be permitted to do so. Always refer to local ordinances.
Skateboard Laws
Skateboards are not considered vehicles under California law, but riders still must abide by specific regulations.
Riding on the Road
Skateboarders are prohibited from riding on roadways with a posted speed limit above 25 mph unless they are crossing the street in a crosswalk (CVC 21968).
Skateboarders must follow the same rules as pedestrians when riding on sidewalks or crosswalks.
Nighttime Riding
Skateboarders riding at night must wear reflective clothing or use lights so other travelers can see them. (CVC 21201).
Local Ordinances
Many jurisdictions have additional rules when it comes to skateboarding, such as prohibitions in certain areas like business districts or public areas. For example, San Francisco bans skateboards on sidewalks in business districts and prohibits them in and around all public transit stations, and in certain parks and gardens. Always check local laws before riding.
Scooter Laws
Electric scooters have become increasingly popular in California, and the state has established specific laws to regulate their use.
Riding on the Road
Scooter riders are expected to travel in bike lanes if available. If no bike lanes are available, they may ride on the road but must stay as close to the right-hand curb as possible (CVC 21229).
Scooters are prohibited on sidewalks unless local ordinances say otherwise (CVC 21235).
Speed Limits
Scooters cannot exceed 15 mph on flat ground (CVC 22411).
Equipment Requirements
Scooters must have a white front light, a red rear reflector, and a brake capable of stopping the scooter within 25 feet from a speed of 10 mph (CVC 21223).
Helmets are required for all riders under 18 years old (CVC 21235).
Passenger Restrictions
Scooters are designed for single riders only. Carrying passengers is not allowed (CVC 21235).
General Safety Tips for All Riders
- Wear a Helmet: While helmets are only legally required for certain age groups, they are strongly suggested for all riders to reduce the risk of head injuries.
- Be Visible: Use lights, reflectors, and bright clothing, especially at night or in low-visibility conditions.
- Stay Alert: Avoid distractions like headphones or mobile devices while riding.
- Yield to Pedestrians: Always give pedestrians the right of way, especially in crosswalks and on sidewalks where riding is permitted.
Penalties for Violations
Failure to comply with these laws can result in fines and penalties. For example:
Riding without a helmet (if required) can result in a fine of up to $25 (CVC 21212).
Running a red light or stop sign can lead to fines starting at $238 (CVC 21453).
Adhering to California state laws on bicycles, skateboards, and scooters is not only safe, but it ensures harmonious coexistence with others on the road. Be familiar with local laws as they might have additional restrictions or requirements. Everyone can ride while benefiting from the convenience of alternative modes of travel when everyone is driving responsibly.